Palm Stearic Acid — Frequently Asked Questions

Titre is the solidification temperature of the melted acid, and it is the conventional way commercial stearic acid is graded. Because stearic acid melts about 8 degrees higher than palmitic, titre rises as the stearic fraction rises, so the figure is effectively a measure of the palmitic to stearic ratio and therefore of the hardness the material will contribute.

No, and that is important to understand when buying. It is a blend of palmitic and stearic acids in a stated ratio, commonly 40:60 or 50:50, with triple-pressed denoting a more thoroughly separated and lighter-coloured material. A grade change alters set point, hardness and appearance, so grades are not interchangeable even though the product name is the same.

It is the acid half of the classic vanishing cream, where it is neutralised in situ with triethanolamine to form a soap that emulsifies the system and gives the characteristic matte, quickly absorbed finish. It is also used as a thickener and opacifier in creams and lotions and as a structuring acid in stick products.

Higher titre grades, since a larger stearic fraction gives a harder candle with a higher melting point and better mould release. The choice should be made by trial against the specific wax blend, because titre interacts with the base wax and the intended format, and a grade suited to a pillar will often be too hard for a container.