When PM flashes off too quickly for the film to level, or when its solvency is insufficient for the resin system. PE sits one rung higher on the propylene-series ladder, with a higher boiling point, slower evaporation and stronger solvency for oils and resins, at the cost of slightly reduced water affinity. The choice is made on the required drying profile.
2
Does PE share PM's favourable toxicological position?
Yes. Propylene glycol ethers built on the alpha isomer are metabolised by oxidation to carbon dioxide rather than to the alkoxyacetic acids responsible for the reproductive effects of the short-chain ethylene ethers, so they carry no reproductive toxicity classification. Alpha isomer content is specified for PE for the same reason as for PM.
3
Is PE fully miscible with water?
Broadly yes, though marginally less so than PM because of the additional carbon. In practice it retains enough water compatibility to function as a coupling solvent in aqueous cleaning systems while offering better solvency for organic soils than PM, which is the balance that makes it useful in industrial degreasing.
4
What applications use PE?
Coatings and printing inks, industrial cleaners and degreasers, electronics processing, and coupling and coalescing applications. It occupies a narrower market than PM, being specified where the specific balance of solvency and evaporation rate it provides is required.
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